As a dog expert who was raised with dogs my entire life, I’ve experienced the power of hairless breeds to help allergy sufferers. But are they truly the solution? Here are the details about hairless dogs and allergies. You may be surprised to learn that although they’re a great option for some people, they’re not the solution for everyone.
Recognized Hairless Dog Breeds
Hairless dog breeds are truly fascinating. I’ve dedicated years of my life to studying and working with these incredible animals. There are only 7-8 recognized hairless dog breeds in the world. The American Kennel Club (AKC) recognizes only 3 hairless dog breeds.
Here are the recognized hairless dog breeds:
Chinese Crested: This breed has two varieties – hairless and powderpuff. The Hairless variety has soft skin with tufts of hair on the head, tail and feet.
Xoloitzcuintli: This breed, also referred to as the Mexican Hairless Dog, is an ancient breed with three sizes. They can be either completely hairless or have a short coat.
American Hairless Terrier: This breed was created from a spontaneous genetic mutation. They are small, energetic dogs with a friendly personality.
Peruvian Inca Orchid: This breed has three sizes and can be hairless or have a short coat.
Argentine Pila Dog: This rare breed is from Argentina, and they are medium-sized dogs with a calm temperament.
Jonangi: This breed is from India and is known for hunting skills. They are medium-sized dogs with a loyal personality.
Ecuadorian Hairless Dog: This breed is one of the rarest dog breeds. They are medium to large dogs with a gentle temperament.
Each of these breeds has its own unique characteristics and beauty. Having worked closely with many of these breeds, I can confidently say they have lovable personalities and unique appearances.
Characteristics and Temperaments of Hairless Dogs
Hairless dogs vary as much in personality as they do in appearance. From my experience, there are a few common traits most hairless dogs tend to have.
The general temperament of hairless dogs includes:
- Affectionate and loyal to their family
- Intelligent and easy to train
- Alert and is a good watchdog
- Physically and emotionally sensitive
The size is one of the most challenging aspects to predict as there is a wide size range for hairless breeds:
- Toy (10-14 inches tall)
- Miniature (14-18 inches tall)
- Standard (18-23 inches tall)
For example, consider the Xoloitzcuintli. Their weight limits fall anywhere in the range:
- Toy: 10-15 lbs
- Miniature: 15-30 lbs
- Standard: 30-55 lbs
Coat differences range from completely hairless to a sparse coat. For instance, the Chinese Crested can be born with hair or without hair, even within the same litter.
Intelligence and trainability are two of their most notable characteristics. They respond well to positive reinforcement training and are quick learners who enjoy mental challenges.
Their exercise needs are moderate. A daily walk and some playtime will usually suffice, although they can be quite playful and energetic.
Socialize your hairless dog early and often to help them grow into a well-rounded adult. They can be a bit shy around strangers, so be sure to socialize them with lots of people in positive environments.
Again, each dog is an individual. While these are common traits, they’re not universal. Understanding your individual dog’s personality is one of the fun parts of dog ownership.
Unique Care Requirements for Hairless Dogs
Hairless dogs require some specific care as a result of their unique physiology, and it may be a bit more demanding in certain areas.
Skin sensitivity is a key consideration. With no fur to protect their skin, it’s more susceptible to:
- Sun damage
- Injuries
- Temperature changes
- Skin issues
Regulating temperature is essential for hairless dogs. They have a higher internal body temperature than coated breeds, around 102°F, so they:
- Get cold easily
- Overheat quickly
- Require extra protection from the elements
- May need clothing in colder climates
Hairless dogs generally need more frequent baths to keep their skin clean and healthy. Many hairless breeds require weekly baths. Use gentle, dog-friendly shampoo to avoid irritating their skin.
Moisturizing is another crucial task to prevent their skin from drying out. Apply dog-safe moisturizers to their skin regularly. I know many hairless dog owners who use coconut oil with great success.
Hairless dogs often have nails that grow faster than other breeds, so keeping them trimmed is important. Expect to trim their nails every 2-3 weeks. Just be careful not to trim too much and hit the quick.
Dental health is another consideration, particularly for hairless breeds like the Chinese Crested. The same gene that causes their lack of hair can impact their dental health as well. Daily tooth brushing, regular dental check-ups, and appropriate chew toys are all important.
They also require roughly 20-30% more calories than a similar size, coated breed. Hairless dogs have a higher metabolism and their lack of fur means they can’t keep as much heat, so they need more calories. Ensure you’re feeding them a high-quality food with enough calories to meet their needs.
Health Considerations for Hairless Breeds
Hairless dog breeds have some specific health issues. I’ve worked closely with hairless breeds and have observed firsthand the health problems they experience.
Common skin issues in hairless dogs:
- Acne
- Sunburn
- Dry skin
- Allergic reactions
Genetic health issues will vary depending on the breed, but common ones include:
- Dental issues (due to the FOXI3 gene mutation)
- Eye problems
- Hip dysplasia in larger hairless breeds
- Patellar luxation in smaller hairless breeds
Dental issues are a major concern in hairless breeds. The same genetic mutation (in the FOXI3 gene) causing hairlessness impacts dental development. As a result, the dog may be missing teeth or have misshapen teeth.
Allergies and sensitivities are also a concern. Without fur to protect their skin, they are more vulnerable to environmental allergens. Additionally, some hairless breeds have sensitivities to certain fabrics or cleaners.
Regular health checkups are essential for hairless breeds. I recommend biannual vet visits. During these visits, the vet should:
- Conduct a thorough skin check
- Assess the dog’s dental issues
- Examine the dog’s eyes
- Run any other necessary health tests
Early detection is the key to managing health problems in hairless breeds. With proper care and regular vet visits, you can often manage these health problems effectively.
Grooming Needs of Hairless Dogs
Hairless dogs are relatively low maintenance dog breeds, right? Yes, hairless dogs require specific care, and daily or weekly grooming tasks.
Regular skin exfoliation. Just like humans, hairless dogs need to exfoliate their skin. Exfoliating the skin helps remove dead skin cells and prevent pores from becoming clogged. Use a soft cloth or a dog exfoliating mitt once a week.
Sun protection. If your dog will be outside, apply dog safe sunscreen to any exposed skin. You can also put protective clothing on your hairless dog if you’ll be outside for an extended period of time in the sun.
Clean skin folds and wrinkles. Like wrinkly dogs, hairless dogs have folds that can trap moisture and bacteria, leading to skin irritation. Clean these areas with a damp cloth daily, and ensure they’re completely dry.
Ear cleaning. Hairless dogs have exposed ears that can collect dirt and debris. Clean the ears with a dog ear cleaner once a week using a cotton ball.
Eye care. Clean around the eyes daily, especially if your dog is prone to eye issues, with a damp cloth. Watch for any irritation in the eyes or signs of infection.
Keep in mind grooming time is also bonding time, so use this time as an opportunity to further bond with your hairless dog. They’ll enjoy the extra attention and care you’re giving them.
Cost and Availability of Hairless Dog Breeds
Hairless dog breeds range in price and availability. With years of experience in the pet industry, I can provide some insights.
Average price ranges of hairless breeds:
| Breed | Price Range |
|---|---|
| Chinese Crested | $1,000-$4,000 |
| Xoloitzcuintli | $2,000-$5,000 |
| American Hairless Terrier | $1,500-$3,500 |
| Peruvian Inca Orchid | $2,500-$5,000 |
When selecting a breeder, ensure they:
- Offer health clearances for the parents
- Allow you to see the parents
- Keep a clean facility
- Know a lot about the breed
Adoption is another possibility. While less common, hairless breeds occasionally end up in shelters or breed-specific rescues. Adoption fees are significantly lower than breeder prices.
Rarity plays a role in both price and availability. For example, breeds like the Ecuadorian Hairless Dog or Argentine Pila Dog are incredibly rare outside of their home countries.
Geographic availability will also vary. For example, Chinese Crested and American Hairless Terriers are more common in the United States, whereas other breeds may be harder to find or require importing.
Keep in mind the purchase price is only one piece of the puzzle. Don’t forget to budget for the higher ongoing costs that come with these breeds.
Suitability for Allergy Sufferers
Hairless dogs are one of the breeds people often think of when they’re considering a dog for allergies. It’s not quite that simple though. I’ve discussed this with many prospective owners.
Hairless dogs produce fewer allergens, although they aren’t allergen free. While they don’t shed, they still produce dander and saliva, both of which are common allergens.
They’re less likely to cause allergies than some other breeds, although they’re not guaranteed allergy free.
Skin oils are another potential allergen. Some people are allergic to the oils hairless dogs produce to keep their skin healthy.
Tips for people with allergies considering hairless dogs:
- Spend time with the breed before you commit.
- If possible, consider a trial period.
- Keep the skin of the dog clean to minimize allergens.
- Use air purifiers in your home.
- Talk to an allergist about what to do.
It’s important to remember that individual people react differently. Something that one person with allergies finds helpful might not work for another. Therefore, it’s essential to understand your own reactions to the breed.
Pros of Owning Hairless Dogs
Hairless dogs have various advantages that make them appealing to pet owners. Based on my research, here are some of the top benefits of hairless dogs:
They don’t shed, which is a significant benefit. You won’t find any dog hair on your clothes or furniture, which is a relief if you’re tired of constantly cleaning up dog hair.
Their unique appearance is visually appealing. Hairless dogs are often conversation starters, and you definitely won’t blend in with the crowd on your daily walks.
You won’t spend as much time grooming them. While you will need to care for their skin, you won’t waste hours brushing them, and you won’t deal with any matting issues.
They are hypoallergenic to some people. Some people with dog allergies find that they can tolerate hairless breeds.
Hairless dogs have a reputation for being very affectionate. Many of them form very strong bonds with their people, and many are little lap dogs who love to snuggle.
They are great for apartment living. They have relatively low exercise needs and tend to be quiet, so they’ll do well in a small living space.
Cons of Owning Hairless Dogs
Hairless dogs have several advantages, but there are a few drawbacks to consider. Here are some of the main potential downsides:
Skin care requirements are intensive. You’ll need to dedicate time to regular baths, moisturizing, and sun protection.
They are sensitive to temperatures. Hairless dogs get cold easily and are also prone to overheating. You’ll need to watch them closely in various weather conditions.
Higher calorie needs mean you might spend more on dog food. Hairless dogs have a high metabolism and need to eat more often or a higher-calorie diet.
Common health problems may lead to costlier vet bills. Breed-specific conditions like dental issues and skin conditions may require specialized treatment.
The upfront cost is expensive. Purebred hairless dogs from a reputable breeder will likely cost you a pretty penny.
They may not be a great fit for families with small children. Their delicate skin is easily injured through rough play.
Some people don’t find them aesthetically pleasing. While this is subjective to the individual, not everyone loves the hairless look.
History and Origins of Hairless Dog Breeds
Hairless dog breeds have a deep history, dating back thousands of years. As a dog lover, I find the history of hairless dogs particularly interesting.
Ancient history of hairless dogs:
- Archaeological records show hairless dogs existed as far back as 3,000 years ago in Mexico and Peru.
- The Aztecs revered the Xoloitzcuintli as a sacred animal that could guide souls through the underworld.
- The Peruvian Inca Orchid has been depicted in pottery dating back to 750 AD.
- The Chinese Crested may have originated in Africa and later lived in China as the Chinese Ship Dog.
These ancient breeds were held in high regard in their respective cultures and were often considered sacred or healing dogs.
More recent breed development:
- The American Hairless Terrier was first discovered in Louisiana in 1972.
- Preservation efforts for ancient breeds like the Xoloitzcuintli began in the 20th century.
These breeds have only recently gained recognition by kennel clubs. For example, the AKC didn’t officially recognize the Xoloitzcuintli as a dog breed until 2011. This recognition is important for establishing breed standards and promoting responsible breeding practices.
Today, these ancient breeds are still some of the most fascinating dogs for enthusiasts around the world thanks to their unique look and deeply rooted history.
Common Misconceptions about Hairless Dogs
There are a handful of myths about hairless dogs that I see time and time again. Let’s dispel some of these myths.
Myth: All hairless dogs are hypoallergenic. Truth: While they produce fewer allergens, they are not 100% hypoallergenic, as some people are still allergic to their dander or skin oils.
Myth: Hairless dogs require no grooming. Truth: They do require regular skin care, including bathing, moisturizing, and sun protection. Their grooming needs are different, but not less than that of furry dogs.
Myth: Hairless dogs are not healthy. Truth: With proper care, hairless breeds can be just as healthy as any other dog. They do have some specific health considerations, but they’re easy to manage with proper care.
Myth: Hairless dogs can’t live in cold weather. Truth: While they are more susceptible to the cold, they can adapt with proper protection. Many hairless dog owners in colder regions use doggy clothing and minimize outdoor exposure in very cold weather.
By knowing these facts, potential owners can make educated decisions. Hairless dogs can be excellent pets for the right families. They simply require owners who are aware of and capable of managing their specific needs.
While hairless dogs are generally gentle, it’s important to note that some breeds can be aggressive dog breeds if not properly trained and socialized. However, with proper care and training, most hairless breeds make loving and calm companions.
Before We Go
Hairless dogs are interesting animals with specific requirements. They are more high maintenance as they have delicate skin that requires some extra care, like protecting them from the sun and cold.
They may have a higher upfront cost, but they are very loving and they hardly shed, making them an excellent companion for the right person. Keep in mind these breeds aren’t suitable for everyone. They will require some extra care to their skin, climate and calories. However, if you’re willing to do that, hairless dogs can be wonderful, loyal pets.
